![]() The breakdown of the general Drude model for dielectric function at very small particle sizes and the resulting effects are discussed. We discuss plasmon resonances and light scattering on small metallic particles, which is a subject that has been renewed by a series of new findings, including anomalous scattering with an inverted hierarchy of resonances and Fano resonances. Scattering by dielectric particles is discussed along with the new topic of optical trapping. We begin with a review of the classical light scattering theory for spherical particles based on the quasistatic (Rayleigh) approximation and the general Mie theory. Here we provide a short review emphasizing the nano-optics of small particles, near-field effects and the fundamental theoretical basis for their description. Potential practical uses include 10 small-scale sensing techniques, 11, 12 numerous biomedical applications, 13 manipulation of light for solar energy technologies 14 and others. 2, 3, 4, 5 Small particles with surface plasmons can be used to detect the fluorescence of single molecules, 6, 7 enhance Raman scattering, 8 resonantly transfer energy of excitons 9 and create nanosized quantum amplifiers of optical energy. More specifically, there have been fascinating developments in regard to the light scattering by nanosized particles, including metal particles and surfaces, where localized surface plasmons can be excited leading to optical resonance phenomena. The key is the current focus on the nanoscale and especially near-field effects at the nanoscale, while much of the older classical study was oriented towards the accessible far-field behavior. 1 The remarkable fact is that such a classical topic is the basis of many fundamentally new and unexpected scientific and technological advances. ![]() Of course, the scattering of light by small particles has a long history, where it was studied in contexts such as cumulus clouds, the color of the sky and rainbows, and used in various glass artifacts and windows from the middle ages. Light scattering plays key roles in all of these. The production, control, manipulation and use of light are at the core of many technologies.
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